Used as a food additive for pH control and as a preservative due to its antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Helps maintain flavor stability and extends shelf life in processed foods and beverages. Employed in pharmaceutical formulations as an excipient to adjust acidity and improve stability of active ingredients. Also utilized in cosmetic products to regulate pH and enhance product performance. Its salt form improves solubility and bioavailability in certain drug delivery systems. Additionally, it is used in dietary supplements as a source of fumaric acid, which supports energy metabolism via the Krebs cycle.