Zoniporide hydrochloride hydrate is primarily used in medical research and therapeutic applications due to its role as a potent and selective inhibitor of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform 1 (NHE-1). This property makes it valuable in studying cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury, as NHE-1 inhibition helps reduce intracellular sodium and calcium overload, which are key contributors to tissue damage during such events. It has been investigated for its potential to protect heart tissue during surgeries or heart attacks by minimizing cell death and improving recovery outcomes. Additionally, it is explored in preclinical studies for its neuroprotective effects in conditions like stroke, where reducing cellular damage is critical. Its applications extend to understanding cellular mechanisms in various diseases involving pH regulation and ion transport.