Hexadimethrine bromide is widely used as a transfection reagent in molecular biology. It facilitates the introduction of nucleic acids, such as DNA or RNA, into cells by neutralizing the negative charge on the nucleic acid molecules, allowing them to more easily pass through the cell membrane. This makes it a valuable tool in genetic research, gene therapy, and the production of recombinant proteins.

In addition to its role in transfection, it is also employed in the purification of nucleic acids. It acts as a precipitating agent, helping to isolate DNA or RNA from complex mixtures, which is essential for downstream applications like PCR, sequencing, and cloning.

Furthermore, hexadimethrine bromide is used in the production of certain types of vaccines, particularly those involving viral vectors. It enhances the efficiency of viral transduction, improving the delivery of genetic material into target cells. This application is critical in the development of vaccines for infectious diseases and cancer immunotherapy.

Its ability to interact with polyanions also makes it useful in various industrial processes, such as water treatment, where it helps in the removal of contaminants by flocculation. Overall, hexadimethrine bromide plays a versatile role in both scientific research and industrial applications.