Used as a key intermediate in organic semiconductor materials, particularly in the synthesis of high-performance n-type organic semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Its strong electron-withdrawing nature enhances electron transport properties, making it valuable in flexible electronics and thin-film transistor applications. Also employed in the development of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) due to its ability to improve electron affinity and stability in donor-acceptor type polymers. Shows promise in electrochromic devices and perovskite solar cells as a dopant or interfacial layer component.