Edotecarin is primarily used in the field of oncology as an investigational anticancer agent. It functions as a topoisomerase I inhibitor, which targets and disrupts the DNA replication process in cancer cells, leading to their destruction. This mechanism makes it particularly effective in treating various types of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Clinical trials have explored its potential as a therapeutic option, especially in cases where other treatments have failed. Its application is often studied in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents to enhance efficacy and improve patient outcomes. Ongoing research continues to evaluate its safety, dosage, and broader clinical applications in cancer therapy.