Ethyl ethanesulfonate is primarily used in organic synthesis as an alkylating agent. It is employed to introduce ethyl groups into various organic compounds, which is essential in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. In research, it serves as a reagent for modifying DNA and proteins, aiding in the study of molecular interactions and mechanisms. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of new materials, where precise alkylation is required to achieve desired properties. Its role in these applications underscores its importance in advancing both industrial and scientific endeavors.