D-Glucuronic acid plays a key role in the body's detoxification process, primarily in the liver, where it conjugates with toxins, drugs, and metabolic waste products to make them more water-soluble for easier excretion through urine or bile. This process, known as glucuronidation, is essential for the metabolism of many pharmaceuticals, including pain relievers, hormones, and antibiotics.

It is also a building block for glycosaminoglycans such as hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate, which are vital components of connective tissues, cartilage, and joint fluid. Due to this, D-Glucuronic acid is involved in tissue repair and maintenance, making it relevant in supplements and treatments aimed at joint health and skin hydration.

In industrial applications, it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) through biochemical pathways. Additionally, it is used in some biodegradable polymers and hydrogels for drug delivery and biomedical engineering due to its biocompatibility and natural origin.