Nafamostat hydrochloride is widely used in medical settings as an anticoagulant during extracorporeal circulation procedures, such as hemodialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy. It helps prevent blood clotting in the dialysis circuit while minimizing the risk of bleeding complications.

Additionally, it is employed as a treatment for acute pancreatitis due to its ability to inhibit proteases, which are enzymes that can exacerbate inflammation and tissue damage in the pancreas.

In emergency medicine, Nafamostat hydrochloride is also used to reduce the risk of clot formation in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Furthermore, studies have demonstrated its efficacy in inhibiting certain viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, which may be beneficial in treating COVID-19 patients.

With its enzyme-inhibiting and anti-inflammatory properties, Nafamostat hydrochloride is a valuable therapeutic agent in managing various critical health conditions.