Used as a water softener by sequestering calcium and magnesium ions in hard water, preventing scale formation in industrial boilers and household appliances. Acts as a dispersing agent in detergents, helping to suspend dirt and prevent redeposition on surfaces. Employed in food processing to improve texture, retain moisture, and extend shelf life in products like processed meats, cheeses, and canned seafood. Utilized in municipal water treatment to control corrosion in metal pipes by forming a protective layer on inner surfaces. Also serves as a flame retardant in textiles and paper by promoting char formation and reducing flammability.