Used as a chelating and precipitating agent in analytical chemistry to bind and determine metal ions, particularly calcium and magnesium in water samples and minerals, forming clear precipitates. It is also employed in the textile industry as a mordant for dyeing, and for bleaching and scouring cotton fabrics. In photography, it acts as a restrainer in developing solutions to improve image contrast. Commonly used in the preparation of buffer solutions for pH control in laboratory applications. Serves as a reducing agent in some redox titrations. Also utilized in the removal of rust and ink stains due to its ability to dissolve iron compounds. In medical applications, it functions as an anticoagulant in blood collection tubes by binding calcium ions essential for clotting.