Used as a buffering agent, pH regulator, and emulsifier in food processing, including in processed meat products to retain moisture and prevent drying, and in dairy products such as cheese to improve meltability and texture, whipped cream stabilization, and to prevent syneresis. Also serves as a pH controller in ready-to-eat foods.

In the textile industry, it acts as an auxiliary in dyeing to enhance color fastness and cleans fibers prior to dyeing.

In the metal industry, it is used in electroplating processes, such as zinc or tin plating, to control surface quality and ensure uniform deposition. Additionally, employed in metal surface treatment to enhance corrosion resistance.

Found in cleaning products like detergents, where it functions as a dispersing agent and builder to improve stain removal efficiency, especially in hard water.