Used as a mordant in textile dyeing to help fix dyes onto fabrics, especially with natural fibers like cotton and wool.

Historically employed as a sweetener and preservative in food products and wine (known as 'sugar of lead'), but strictly banned due to severe toxicity affecting the nervous system, kidneys, and liver.

Utilized in the production of lead-based pigments, varnishes, and coatings, though these applications have significantly declined due to environmental and health concerns.

Served in small amounts in historical cosmetics, such as hair dyes and face powders, but largely discontinued for safety reasons; limited regulated use persists in some hair coloring products.

Occasionally used in laboratory settings as a reagent for detecting sulfides, forming a black precipitate of lead sulfide, or as a catalyst in certain organic syntheses.

Also applied in the leather industry for conditioning hides prior to tanning, though usage is decreasing due to toxicity and regulatory restrictions.

Due to its high toxicity, handling requires strict safety protocols, personal protective equipment, and compliance with regulations in many industries.