Used primarily in the treatment of respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchospasm. It acts as a bronchodilator by relaxing smooth muscles in the airways, making breathing easier. Aminophylline hydrate is especially useful in acute asthma attacks when rapid relief is needed. It is also employed in managing apnea of prematurity in newborns by stimulating the respiratory center in the brain. The compound is often administered intravenously in hospital settings for immediate effect, though oral forms exist for maintenance therapy. Due to its narrow therapeutic index, blood level monitoring is required to avoid toxicity.