Alkaline phosphatase is widely used in molecular biology for the dephosphorylation of DNA, RNA, and proteins, which helps prevent self-ligation of vectors during cloning experiments. It is also employed in diagnostic kits to measure enzyme activity in blood tests, aiding in the detection of liver and bone disorders. In immunohistochemistry, it serves as a label for antibodies to visualize specific proteins in tissue samples. Additionally, alkaline phosphatase is utilized in the food industry to remove phosphate groups from molecules, improving the texture and shelf life of certain products. Its role in biotechnology includes acting as a reporter gene in genetic engineering to monitor gene expression.