Used in immunological research to study purinergic signaling pathways, particularly in regulating extracellular ATP and ADP levels. Plays a role in understanding immune suppression mechanisms, as CD39 is expressed on regulatory T cells and endothelial cells. Facilitates studies on inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer immunotherapy by enabling in vitro and in vivo functional assays. The His tag allows for easy detection and purification, making it suitable for protein-protein interaction studies and antibody development. Commonly used in binding assays with P2X and P2Y receptors to evaluate nucleotide metabolism in the tumor microenvironment.