Methyl 5-hydroxy-6-iodopicolinate is primarily used in organic synthesis as a versatile intermediate for constructing complex molecules. It is particularly valuable in the development of pharmaceuticals, where it serves as a building block for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Its structure, featuring both hydroxyl and iodo groups, makes it useful in cross-coupling reactions, such as Suzuki or Sonogashira couplings, which are essential for creating carbon-carbon bonds in drug discovery. Additionally, it finds application in the synthesis of agrochemicals, where it contributes to the development of compounds with pesticidal or herbicidal properties. Its role in material science is also notable, as it can be utilized in the preparation of advanced organic materials with specific electronic or optical properties.