Bethanechol chloride is primarily used in the medical field to treat urinary retention, particularly in cases where the bladder is unable to contract effectively. It is often prescribed after surgery, childbirth, or in conditions like neurogenic bladder, where nerve damage affects bladder function. The medication works by stimulating the bladder muscles, promoting urination and reducing the risk of urinary tract infections or kidney damage due to retained urine.

Additionally, it is sometimes used to manage gastrointestinal issues, such as postoperative abdominal distension or gastric atony, by enhancing the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. However, its use in these cases is less common and requires careful medical supervision due to potential side effects. Bethanechol chloride is typically administered orally or subcutaneously, and its dosage is carefully adjusted based on the patient’s condition and response to treatment.