Widely used as a heterogeneous catalyst in organic synthesis, especially in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. It is effective in reducing alkenes, alkynes, nitro groups, and carbonyls under mild conditions. Additionally, it facilitates deprotection reactions, such as the hydrogenolytic removal of benzyl or Cbz protecting groups from amines. Commonly employed in coupling reactions such as Suzuki, Heck, and Sonogashira, where it facilitates carbon-carbon bond formation. Its support on activated carbon provides high surface area and stability, allowing for efficient recovery and reuse in industrial processes. Also used in pharmaceutical manufacturing for selective transformations and in fine chemical production due to its reliability and activity at low temperatures. In certain applications, it supports chemical waste remediation by accelerating the transformation of toxic substances into less harmful compounds.