Glutathione peroxidase, derived from bovine erythrocytes, is widely utilized in biochemical research to study oxidative stress mechanisms. It plays a critical role in protecting cells from oxidative damage by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides, using glutathione as a reducing agent. This enzyme is essential in understanding the cellular defense system against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is often used in assays to measure antioxidant activity. Additionally, it has applications in developing therapeutic strategies for diseases linked to oxidative stress, such as neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Its role in maintaining redox balance makes it a valuable tool in both clinical and laboratory settings.