Used primarily in research as a fluorescent probe for nucleic acids, particularly DNA and RNA. Its acridine core allows intercalation between base pairs, making it effective for staining and visualizing genetic material under fluorescence microscopy. Commonly applied in cytogenetics for chromosome banding studies and in molecular biology assays to monitor nucleic acid interactions. Also investigated for its potential in photodynamic therapy due to light-induced cytotoxic effects in cancer cells. Shows antimicrobial activity in some studies, though not used clinically. Mainly restricted to laboratory settings for imaging and binding studies.