Ladostigil is primarily investigated for its potential in treating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. It combines neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it suitable for targeting multiple pathways involved in brain degeneration. The compound enhances mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress in neural tissues, which helps slow cognitive decline. It also modulates key enzymes involved in neurotransmitter regulation, supporting improved neuronal communication. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier effectively, ladostigil is considered a promising candidate for disease-modifying therapies in age-related cognitive impairments. Research has also explored its role in depression and other mood disorders, where its dual action on monoamine oxidase and cholinesterase systems may provide synergistic benefits.