Used as a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye in bioimaging and optical imaging applications. Its strong absorption and emission in the NIR region make it suitable for deep tissue imaging, where it helps visualize biological structures with minimal interference from background autofluorescence. Commonly employed in cancer imaging and tumor detection due to its ability to accumulate in malignant tissues. Also utilized in photothermal therapy and as a photosensitizer in combination with laser irradiation to generate heat for targeted cell destruction. Applied in the development of organic solar cells and optoelectronic devices because of its excellent light-harvesting properties. Often incorporated into nanoparticles or liposomes to improve stability and target specificity in vivo.