PF-5190457 is primarily utilized in research settings to study its effects on the ghrelin receptor, a target implicated in appetite regulation and metabolic processes. It functions as a selective inverse agonist, making it a valuable tool for investigating the role of ghrelin signaling in conditions such as obesity, eating disorders, and metabolic syndrome. Researchers also explore its potential therapeutic applications in modulating hunger and weight management, as well as its influence on related pathways in the central nervous system. Its use in preclinical studies helps to deepen understanding of the ghrelin system and its broader physiological impacts.