6-Phosphogluconic acid barium salt hydrate is primarily used in biochemical research and laboratory settings. It plays a role in studying metabolic pathways, particularly the pentose phosphate pathway, which is crucial for understanding cellular energy production and biosynthesis processes. This compound is also utilized as a reagent in enzymatic assays to investigate the activity of enzymes like glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Additionally, it serves as a stabilizer or cofactor in certain biochemical reactions, aiding in the accurate measurement of metabolic intermediates. Its application extends to educational purposes, where it helps demonstrate key concepts in biochemistry and metabolism.