Used in targeted drug delivery systems due to their uniform size and magnetic responsiveness, enabling precise control and release of therapeutic agents under external magnetic fields. Their surface-functionalized structure allows for easy conjugation with biomolecules, making them suitable for bioseparation, immunoassays, and diagnostic applications. Also employed in environmental remediation for selective adsorption and removal of heavy metal ions or organic pollutants from water. The porous nature and high surface area support efficient loading of active substances, while the magnetic core facilitates rapid separation after treatment. Widely applied in research for developing smart materials and lab-on-a-chip devices.