Methyl trans-11-octadecenoate is primarily used in the research and development of biofuels and renewable energy sources. Its properties make it a valuable component in the synthesis of biodiesel, where it acts as a precursor or intermediate in transesterification reactions. This compound is also studied for its potential in improving the oxidative stability and cold flow properties of biodiesel blends.

In the field of organic chemistry, it serves as a model compound for studying the behavior of unsaturated fatty acid esters. Researchers utilize it to explore catalytic processes, hydrogenation reactions, and the structural analysis of fatty acid derivatives. Additionally, it finds application in the production of specialty chemicals, such as lubricants and surfactants, due to its unique molecular structure.

In industrial settings, it is occasionally employed as a standard or reference material in gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for the identification and quantification of fatty acid methyl esters. Its role in these analytical techniques supports quality control and research in various chemical and biological industries.