Flavopiridol is primarily used in cancer research and treatment due to its ability to inhibit cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which play a key role in cell cycle regulation. By blocking these enzymes, it prevents uncontrolled cell division, a hallmark of cancer. It has been studied in clinical trials for various cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, and solid tumors. Its application extends to inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in cancer cells and enhancing the effects of other anticancer drugs when used in combination therapy. Research also explores its potential in treating diseases involving abnormal cell proliferation or transcription dysregulation.