6-Hydroxyhexan-2-one is primarily used in the synthesis of various organic compounds, particularly in the production of flavors and fragrances. Its structure allows it to serve as a key intermediate in creating molecules that impart fruity or floral notes, making it valuable in the perfume and food industries. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of pharmaceuticals, where it acts as a building block for more complex molecules. Its hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups make it versatile in chemical reactions, enabling its use in polymer chemistry and material science for creating specialized coatings or resins.