Sodium acetate buffer is widely used in biochemical and molecular biology applications to maintain a stable pH environment, typically in the range of 3.6 to 5.6. It is commonly employed in DNA and RNA extraction protocols, where it helps separate nucleic acids from proteins and cellular debris. In electrophoresis, particularly in agarose gel systems, it serves as a running buffer component due to its low conductivity and minimal heating, allowing for faster DNA separation with reduced power requirements. It is also used in protein purification and chromatography techniques where precise pH control is essential. In industrial settings, sodium acetate buffer finds use in textile processing, dyeing, and as a food additive for pH regulation. Additionally, it acts as a buffering agent in pharmaceutical formulations to ensure stability and efficacy of active ingredients. Its low toxicity and good solubility make it suitable for both laboratory and large-scale applications.