Pravastatin is primarily used in the treatment of high cholesterol and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. It works by inhibiting an enzyme in the liver that is responsible for producing cholesterol, thereby lowering the levels of LDL (bad cholesterol) and triglycerides in the blood. This helps to prevent the buildup of plaque in the arteries, reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes. It is often prescribed to patients with a history of coronary heart disease or those at high risk of developing it. Additionally, pravastatin may be used in combination with lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise to enhance its effectiveness. It is also sometimes used in pediatric patients with familial hypercholesterolemia to manage cholesterol levels from a young age.