D,L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine is widely used in biochemical and pharmacological research to inhibit the synthesis of glutathione, a critical antioxidant in cells. By depleting glutathione levels, it helps scientists study oxidative stress mechanisms and its impact on cellular function and survival. This compound is particularly valuable in cancer research, where it is used to sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy and radiation by reducing their antioxidant defenses. Additionally, it aids in understanding the role of glutathione in detoxification processes and immune responses, providing insights into diseases related to oxidative damage and impaired cellular protection.