Ochratoxin B is primarily studied in the context of food safety and toxicology due to its presence as a mycotoxin in various agricultural products. It is often analyzed to assess contamination levels in crops like cereals, coffee, and wine, ensuring compliance with safety standards. Researchers also investigate its potential health effects, particularly its role in kidney toxicity and carcinogenicity, though it is considered less toxic than its analogue, Ochratoxin A. Additionally, it is used in laboratory studies to understand the mechanisms of mycotoxin-induced cellular damage and to develop detection methods for monitoring food quality.