Fumonisin B2 is primarily known as a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus *Fusarium*, commonly found in corn and other cereal crops. Its main significance lies in agricultural and food safety contexts due to its toxic effects on humans and animals. It is associated with health risks such as liver and kidney damage and is considered a potential carcinogen, particularly linked to esophageal cancer in humans. In livestock, contamination can lead to reduced feed efficiency, weight loss, and increased susceptibility to diseases, especially in poultry and swine. Monitoring and controlling Fumonisin B2 levels in food and animal feed are critical in preventing economic losses and ensuring public health. It is also used in research to study toxin metabolism, cellular disruption mechanisms, and the development of detoxification methods in food processing.