Fumonisin B2 is primarily known as a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus *Fusarium*, commonly found in corn and other cereal crops. Its main significance lies in agricultural and food safety contexts due to its toxic effects on humans and animals. It is associated with health risks such as liver and kidney damage and is considered a potential carcinogen, particularly linked to esophageal cancer in humans. Because of this, monitoring and controlling Fumonisin B2 levels in food and animal feed are critical in the food industry. It serves as a marker for grain contamination, guiding safety assessments and regulatory compliance in food production. Additionally, it is used in research to study mycotoxin toxicity, metabolic disruption, and the mechanisms of sphingolipid inhibition, contributing to the development of detoxification methods and safer agricultural practices.