Sterigmatocystin is primarily studied for its role as a mycotoxin and its implications in food safety and toxicology. It is commonly found in contaminated grains, nuts, and other agricultural products, posing a risk to both human and animal health. Research focuses on its detection and mitigation in food supplies to prevent exposure, as it is a precursor to aflatoxin, a more potent carcinogen. Additionally, sterigmatocystin is used in scientific studies to understand fungal metabolism and the biosynthesis of mycotoxins. Its properties are also explored in toxicological research to assess its effects on cellular mechanisms and potential links to cancer development.