Cylindrospermopsin is primarily studied for its toxic effects and its role in environmental and health safety. It is a potent cyanotoxin produced by certain freshwater cyanobacteria, which can contaminate water supplies. Its presence in drinking water sources poses significant risks to human and animal health, leading to liver damage, kidney failure, and other severe health issues. Monitoring and controlling cylindrospermopsin levels in water bodies are critical for ensuring safe drinking water and preventing outbreaks of waterborne diseases. Additionally, research on this toxin aids in understanding its mechanisms of action, which can contribute to the development of effective treatments and preventive measures for cyanotoxin exposure.