Antimycin A1 is primarily used in biochemical research to inhibit the electron transport chain in mitochondria. It specifically blocks Complex III, making it a valuable tool for studying cellular respiration and energy production. This inhibition leads to the disruption of ATP synthesis, allowing researchers to explore the effects of reduced energy availability on cellular processes. Additionally, Antimycin A1 is employed in studies related to oxidative stress and apoptosis, as its action can induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In aquaculture, it has been used to eliminate unwanted fish populations by disrupting their respiratory function. Its role in research extends to understanding mitochondrial dysfunction in diseases and exploring potential therapeutic targets.