Ervogastat is primarily investigated for its potential in treating metabolic disorders, particularly those involving lipid metabolism. It functions as a selective inhibitor of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), an enzyme critical in triglyceride synthesis. By inhibiting DGAT1, Ervogastat reduces the formation of triglycerides in the intestines, which helps lower postprandial hyperlipidemia—a condition characterized by elevated triglyceride levels after meals.

This mechanism makes Ervogastat a candidate for managing conditions such as chylomicronemia syndrome, where patients suffer from severe hypertriglyceridemia and are at high risk of acute pancreatitis. Clinical studies have explored its ability to reduce triglyceride levels and improve overall lipid profiles without significantly affecting fat-soluble vitamin absorption, which is a concern with other lipid-lowering therapies.

Additionally, due to its action in the gut and minimal systemic absorption, Ervogastat offers a favorable safety profile with targeted effects, making it suitable for long-term management of chronic lipid disorders. Its development represents a targeted approach to treat patients who do not respond adequately to conventional lipid-lowering agents like fibrates or omega-3 fatty acids.