Mupirocin is primarily used as a topical antibiotic to treat skin infections caused by bacteria, such as impetigo, folliculitis, and infected wounds. It is particularly effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The antibiotic works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, preventing the growth and spread of bacteria. In clinical settings, it is often applied to the affected area to reduce infection and promote healing. It is also used in hospitals to prevent the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients with nasal colonization. Additionally, mupirocin is sometimes prescribed for secondary skin infections in conditions like eczema or dermatitis. Its localized application minimizes systemic side effects, making it a preferred choice for treating superficial bacterial infections.