Used as a coenzyme in carbohydrate metabolism, particularly in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Plays a critical role in energy production within cells. Essential for proper nerve function, supporting the synthesis of neurotransmitters and maintaining nerve conduction. Applied in treating thiamine deficiency conditions such as beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Also used as a supplement in metabolic disorders involving impaired enzyme activity related to energy metabolism.