Used primarily in the treatment of constipation, it works by drawing water into the colon, softening stool and increasing bowel movement frequency. It is also used in managing hepatic encephalopathy, a complication of liver disease, where it helps reduce blood ammonia levels by trapping ammonia in the colon and promoting its excretion. Its non-absorbable nature makes it effective for these gastrointestinal applications. Commonly administered orally, it is found in both over-the-counter laxatives and prescription formulations for liver conditions.