Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin, is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry both as a direct therapeutic agent and as a precursor for the synthesis of various drugs. It is particularly employed to treat dyslipidemia by reducing LDL cholesterol and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol, aiding in the management of cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, it serves as a key component in the production of nicotinamide, which is essential for the formulation of vitamin B3 supplements. These supplements are crucial for preventing and treating pellagra, a disease caused by niacin deficiency.

In the field of biochemistry, nicotinic acid plays a significant role in metabolic processes. It is a vital part of the coenzymes NAD and NADP, which are involved in redox reactions essential for energy production and cellular metabolism. This makes it important in research focused on understanding metabolic pathways and cellular energy dynamics. Ongoing studies also explore its potential in treating conditions like diabetes.

Additionally, nicotinic acid is used in the food industry as a nutrient additive to fortify foods, ensuring adequate intake of vitamin B3 in the diet. It is also employed in animal feed to promote healthy growth and prevent nutritional deficiencies in livestock.

In agriculture, nicotinic acid is utilized as a plant growth regulator. It helps in improving the overall health and yield of crops by enhancing their metabolic activities and resistance to stress conditions. This application is particularly valuable in sustainable farming practices aimed at increasing productivity while minimizing environmental impact.