Dextran sulfate sodium salt is widely used in biochemical and medical research due to its ability to mimic the properties of glycosaminoglycans, which are essential components of the extracellular matrix. It is commonly employed in studies involving cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, as it can influence cellular interactions and signaling pathways.

In molecular biology, it is utilized as a co-precipitant in the isolation of nucleic acids, particularly in the purification of DNA and RNA. Its polyanionic nature allows it to bind to nucleic acids, facilitating their precipitation in the presence of alcohol.

Additionally, it is used in the development of drug delivery systems, where it acts as a carrier for therapeutic agents. Its ability to form complexes with various drugs enhances their stability and bioavailability, making it a valuable component in targeted therapy.

In immunology, dextran sulfate sodium salt is used to induce colitis in animal models, providing a tool for studying inflammatory bowel diseases and testing potential treatments. Its ability to disrupt the intestinal barrier and trigger inflammation makes it a critical reagent in this field.

Overall, its versatility in research and therapeutic applications makes it a valuable chemical in both laboratory and clinical settings.