6-Chloropurine riboside is primarily used in biochemical research as a precursor in the synthesis of various nucleoside analogs. These analogs are crucial in studying cellular processes, particularly in understanding nucleic acid metabolism and enzyme functions. It serves as an intermediate in the development of antiviral and anticancer agents, where its incorporation into nucleic acids can inhibit the replication of viruses or the proliferation of cancer cells. Additionally, it is employed in the study of purine salvage pathways, providing insights into genetic disorders related to purine metabolism. Its role in modulating biochemical pathways makes it a valuable tool in drug discovery and molecular biology research.