Used as an intermediate in biochemical pathways, particularly in the pentose phosphate pathway and the Calvin cycle. Serves as a key substrate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids, including phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, through the shikimate pathway. Employed in metabolic research and enzymatic studies to investigate carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme kinetics. Also utilized in the development of biocatalytic processes for the production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals.