Used in cell and tissue culture as a cryoprotectant to preserve cells during freezing by stabilizing cell membranes and reducing ice crystal formation. Serves as a carbon source for microorganisms in microbiological media. Employed in research to study carbohydrate metabolism and enzyme activity, particularly α-galactosidase. Applied in some pharmaceutical formulations to enhance stability of biologics. Also utilized in plant physiology studies to investigate sugar transport mechanisms in plants. Additionally, serves as a prebiotic in dietary supplements to promote the growth of beneficial gut microorganisms.