Widely used as a disinfectant and sterilant, glutaraldehyde solution is essential in healthcare settings for cold sterilization of medical equipment such as endoscopes, dialysis machines, and surgical instruments that cannot withstand heat. It effectively kills bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores, making it ideal for high-level disinfection. In addition to medical applications, it is used in water treatment systems to control microbial growth, particularly in oilfield pipelines and industrial cooling towers, where it prevents biofilm formation and bacterial contamination. Glutaraldehyde also serves as a fixative in electron microscopy, preserving cellular structures due to its ability to cross-link proteins. It is employed in tissue fixation for histology and pathology labs. In the leather tanning industry, it improves the durability and water resistance of leather by cross-linking collagen fibers. It is also used in some dental treatments and in the preservation of biological specimens.