Carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC) is widely used as a thickening agent, stabilizer, and emulsifier in various industries due to its excellent water solubility and viscosity control properties. In the food industry, it serves as a binder and texture modifier in products like ice cream, sauces, and dressings, preventing ice crystal formation and improving mouthfeel. It is also used in gluten-free baked goods to enhance dough elasticity and moisture retention. In pharmaceuticals, CMC acts as a disintegrant in tablets, helping them break apart upon ingestion for efficient drug release. It is also used in liquid formulations to suspend active ingredients and maintain uniformity. Additionally, it functions as a lubricant in eye drops and oral care products due to its mucoadhesive and soothing properties. In cosmetics, CMC provides viscosity and stabilizes emulsions in lotions, creams, and toothpastes. Its film-forming ability makes it useful in hair styling products and facial masks. Industrial applications include use in detergents as a soil anti-redeposition agent, in textiles for sizing, and in paper production to improve strength. It is also employed in drilling fluids in the oil industry to control fluid loss and maintain viscosity under varying temperatures. Its biodegradability and non-toxic nature make it a preferred choice in eco-friendly and consumer-safe formulations.