Used primarily as a buffering agent in biochemical and molecular biology applications, it helps maintain a stable pH in various solutions, particularly in electrophoresis and chromatography. It is also employed in the preparation of cell culture media to ensure optimal growth conditions for cells. Additionally, it serves as a stabilizer in enzyme assays and protein purification processes, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of experimental results. Its compatibility with biological systems makes it a valuable component in diagnostic kits and pharmaceutical formulations.