Used in biological research to maintain stable pH levels in cell cultures and protein studies. Commonly applied in electrophoresis, chromatography, and enzyme assays. Suitable for use in mammalian cell cultures due to its low toxicity. Helps in maintaining consistent conditions for experiments involving nucleic acids and proteins. Also utilized in diagnostic kits and biochemical assays for reliable results. Effective in buffering solutions within a pH range of 6.5 to 7.9.